This recruited agent is called a ‘human source’. Spies can bring back all sorts of information concerning the size and strength of the other country’s military and its capabilities.Ī country will attempt to recruit an ‘agent’ or person from another country. This is the job of the spy, (or an espionage agent). The most effective way to gather and information and intelligence about the enemy, (or potential enemy), is by infiltrating the enemy's (or other country’s) government. Soviet agents were able to obtain and pass on technical information about this program, including blueprints, with remarkable ease. During World War II, Moscow prioritized the infiltration of the Manhattan Project, America’s nuclear weapons research program. Decades of experience, along with a greater preparedness to employ devious tactics, gave the Soviet Union a distinct ‘head start’ when it came to espionage. The KGB assumed responsibility for both domestic security and foreign intelligence. The Soviet Union maintained its own agencies, most notably the KGB (Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, or ‘Committee for National Security’). The CIA also supported US foreign policy by providing support, funding and equipment to anti-communist leaders and groups abroad. The CIA’s Cold War activities ranged from general surveillance of suspected foreign agents, to the deployment of agents abroad, to illicit operations like assassinations and human experimentation. For example, in the United States these functions were carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Companies in the United States may be providing the United States military with some of the elements that go into making an airplane invisible to radar.ĭuring the Cold War both superpowers (and many other major nations) maintained government agencies related to espionage (spying) and intelligence gathering. (This is a secret process used to make United States military aircraft invisible to radar). An example of this is the companies who produce the material used by the United States Air Force to make certain aircraft “stealth”. Secondly, the company’s information may be used by the military and is secret due to its final use in the military. Countries spy on other countries (and the companies in that country) to get an economic advantage. If that information is obtained by the spying country then the employment jobs and work generated from that information may go to another country. This may also involve the spy attempting to learn information about the country’s own intelligence service, its operations and personnel within that intelligence service, an example being the Russian Intelligence Service (SVR) may be interested in the people who are employed in the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).Įconomic Secrets – This may involve information within a company that is one of a kind or unique to the world. Government Secrets – This may involve information about a government’s secret approach to another country or to specific issues like the environment or foreign spending. The military information may involve secret defense planning by a country’s military, its methods of operations, its personnel, its secret specialized equipment or weapons in use by that military, or the military’s capabilities in any location of the world. Military Secrets – One country’s military secrets may be of interest to another, especially if the two countries have a history of conflict, (not being at peace and they may share a border). These countries conducted espionage against each other and other countries to get information on subjects such as military secrets, government secrets or economic secrets. Espionage was a key tool of the Cold War and helped both superpowers (the United States and the Soviet Union) in their policies to expand their influence.
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